Theme 4 · Deep-dive

Setting a target is no longer the finish line.

V1 validated your targets and largely left it there. V2.0 wraps targets in a continuous cycle of reporting, assurance and an end-of-cycle check — and introduces the “best-efforts” standard that decides whether you can keep going when you fall short.

1 · From one-off validation to a continuous cycle

A closed loop, not a single sign-off.

V2.0 turns target-setting into a repeating cycle. Validation is now one stage in a loop that includes annual reporting, possible spot and focus checks, and a formal End-of-cycle Assessment that feeds straight into your next validation.

VERSION 1.3.1 — open line Set & validatetargets Report progressannually No formal end-of-cycle check — redo at the 5-year review. VERSION 2.0 — closed loop Commit (optional) Target Validation Annual reporting+ spot / focus checks End-of-cycleAssessment (≤12 mo) continuous
V1 ended at annual reporting; V2.0 closes the loop with an End-of-cycle Assessment that informs the next cycle.
2 · The “best-efforts” standard

How V2.0 decides whether falling short is acceptable.

V2.0 accepts that some emissions can't be cut on schedule for reasons outside a company's control. So progress is judged on a best-efforts basis — did you deploy every lever you could, and manage what you couldn't? Three defined terms carry the weight.

“Best efforts” — how the SBTi defines it

A best-efforts basis is a level of effort shown through implementing “all actions within a company's control or influence that are necessary and appropriate” to implement its targets — including identifying, reporting and actively managing material dependencies and associated risks.

Source: CNZS V2.0 — Glossary, “Best efforts”
“Control or influence” over the levers

You are expected to take all relevant actions within your control or influence to deliver targets. What sits outside that is a dependency — an external condition “not fully within the company's direct control”, such as the readiness of mitigation technologies, supply-chain capacity, or enabling policy and market incentives. Companies that apply the levers they do control, and act credibly to overcome barriers, may keep progressing — even with a gap.

Source: CNZS V2.0 — §B.4 & Glossary, “Dependency”
What does NOT count as best efforts

Best efforts is not a free pass. It does not cover a shortfall caused by cost alone, internal preference, or procurement convenience — those are within your control. Nor does simply declaring a dependency discharge the duty: dependencies must be identified, reported and actively managed. A gap with no evidence of levers pulled, and no credible action to overcome barriers, is not best efforts.

3 · Reporting a barrier

What it means to “report a barrier” — and what counts.

When progress falls short, V2.0 requires you to explain why in your reporting. This is the mechanism that makes best efforts auditable.

“Barrier” — how the SBTi defines it

A barrier is “a factor or condition that inhibits or delays a company's progress toward its targets.” Barriers may be internal or external, are expected to be actively managed or mitigated, and may include structural constraints.

Source: CNZS V2.0 — Glossary, “Barrier”

What “reporting a barrier” actually requires

In the reporting cycle following the End-of-cycle Assessment, for each affected target you must:

Explain it
Set out the material barriers that inhibited progress — internal and external.
Substantiate it
Include any structural constraints, with supporting evidence, and the specific activity or activity pool affected.
Show your response
Describe the actions taken or planned to mitigate the barrier — which may include enabling actions that support future reductions.

Structural constraints and enabling actions do not change the progress figure itself, but they inform how progress is described in public reporting — and they are the evidence base for a best-efforts judgement.

What is an “acceptable” barrier? (the structural-constraint bar)

The most defensible barriers are structural constraints: external conditions that materially limit your options — infrastructure, technological maturity, regulation, market structure, or supply. The Standard is explicit that they “do not include internal preferences, procurement choices, or cost considerations alone.” A barrier framed around price or preference will not be accepted as a structural constraint.

Source: CNZS V2.0 — Glossary & C23.1 (barriers reported under C37.8)
Worked example

Acceptable: “We could not electrify three sites because grid connections were unavailable in the timeframe (infrastructure constraint, evidenced). We brought forward on-site generation and lodged connection applications.” → a substantiated barrier with managing actions.

Not acceptable: “Low-carbon inputs were more expensive, so we kept buying conventional.” → cost alone is not a structural constraint, and no levers were shown.

4 · What happens if you fall short

Falling short with best efforts ≠ falling short without.

A gap is not automatically a failure. What the End-of-cycle Assessment tests is whether the gap is backed by genuine best efforts.

Gap WITH best efforts

You may keep progressing

  • You applied the levers within your control or influence.
  • You took credible action to overcome barriers and reported them.
  • You may set new targets and continue toward net-zero into the next cycle.
Gap WITHOUT best efforts

Your recognised status is affected

  • No evidence of levers pulled or barriers managed.
  • Expect SBTi follow-up, and your recognised status can be affected.
  • The precise consequences depend on the forthcoming Assurance Manual.
Provisional — watch this

The minimum-progress criteria that determine whether a company can set new targets after its first V2.0 cycle will be set out in the forthcoming SBTi Assurance Manual. Until it is published, the exact bar — and the precise consequences of a non-best-efforts gap — are not yet final. Treat any specific threshold as indicative.

Source: CNZS V2.0 — §B.4 (Assurance Manual forthcoming)
V1 → V2 comparison (direct quotes) & references
Version 1.3.1Version 2.0
“No formal mechanism to substantiate performance against targets.”Transition Guide, p.19“…undergo an End-of-Cycle assessment validation against targets at the end of each target cycle.”Transition Guide, p.19 (Ch.5)
“…report progress against all validated targets on an annual basis.”Transition Guide, p.21 (C31)“…report progress and barriers to progress for all validated targets…”Transition Guide, p.21 (C36)
Full detail: CNZS V2.0 — §5 (C36–C37), §B.4. Category A progress data requires at least limited third-party assurance (C37.7).
Editing this page